Waya salamander (Salamandra salamandra)

Onye nnọchiteanya kasị ukwuu nke ezinụlọ Salamandriae, ọ bụ magburu onwe ya maka ma onye mbido na onye nlekọta dị elu.

Areal

A na-achọta salamander ọkụ na North Africa, Asia Minor, na Southern na Central Europe, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ọ ruru n'ebe ugwu nke Carpathians. N'ugwu na-arị elu na elu 2000 mita. Na-ebi na mkpọda nkụ n'akụkụ mmiri iyi na osimiri, na-ahọrọ oke ọhịa beech ochie nke jupụtara na ifufe.

Description

Ọkụ salamander bụ anụmanụ buru ibu, na-eruteghị ogologo 20-28 centimeters, ebe ubé na-erughị ọkara n'ogologo na-adaba na ọdụ okirikiri. Ọ na-ese oji na-egbuke egbuke nwere ntụpọ edo edo na-egbuke egbuke gbasasịa n'ahụ niile. Ụkwụ ndị ahụ dị mkpụmkpụ mana siri ike, nwere mkpịsị ụkwụ anọ n'ihu yana ise n'ụkwụ azụ. Ahụ dị obosara ma buru ibu. O nweghị mkpuchi igwu mmiri. Anya ojii buru ibu dị n'akụkụ ọnụ mmiri ahụ gbachiri emechi nke ọma. N'elu anya bụ "nku anya" edo edo. N'azụ anya bụ convex elongated glands - parotids. Ezé dị nkọ na gburugburu. Ọkụ salamanders bụ nocturnal. Usoro mmeputakwa nke salamander a bụ ihe ọhụrụ: ọ naghị etinye akwa, mana maka ọnwa 10 dum ọ na-ebu ya n'ahụ ya, ruo mgbe oge ruru maka larvae ga-esi na àkwá pụta. N'oge na-adịghị anya tupu nke a, salamander, na-ebikarị n'ikpere mmiri, na-abata n'ụdị ejiji ma na-ahapụ ya na àkwá, nke sitere na 2 ruo 70 larvae na-amụ ozugbo.

Ọkụ salamander larvae

Larvae na-apụtakarị na February. Ha nwere 3 ụzọ abụọ slits gill na ọdụ dị larịị. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị oge okpomọkụ, gills nke ụmụ ọhụrụ na-apụ n'anya ma na-amalite iku ume na ngụgụ, na ọdụ na-aghọ gburugburu. Ugbu a zuru oke, obere salamanders na-ahapụ ọdọ mmiri ahụ, mana ha ga-aghọ ndị okenye na 3-4 afọ.

Ọdịnaya n'agha

Iji debe salamanders ọkụ, ị ga-achọ aquaterrarium. Ọ bụrụ na ọ siri ike ịchọta, mgbe ahụ, aquarium nwekwara ike dabara adaba, ọ bụrụhaala na ọ bụ nnukwu 90 x 40 x 30 centimeters maka 2-3 salamanders (2 ụmụ nwoke anaghị ejikọta ọnụ). Akụkụ ndị dị otú ahụ buru ibu dị mkpa iji nwee ike ịbanye n'ime mmiri nke 20 x 14 x 5 centimeters. The mgbada kwesịrị ịdị nwayọọ ma ọ bụ gị salamander, ọ banyere n'ime ya, agaghị enwe ike ịpụ n'ebe ahụ. A ghaghị ịgbanwe mmiri kwa ụbọchị. Maka akwa akwa, ala akwukwo nwere obere peat, flakes aki oyibo dabara adaba. Salamanders hụrụ igwu ala, yabụ oyi akwa kwesịrị ịbụ 6-12 centimeters. Na-asachapụ kwa izu abụọ ruo atọ. Ha na-asa ọ bụghị naanị akwarium, kamakwa ihe niile dị na ya. Ọ dị mkpa! Gbalịa ka ị ghara iji ncha dị iche iche. Na mgbakwunye na mmiri mmiri na akwa akwa 6-12 cm, ekwesịrị inwe ebe nchekwa. Bara uru: Sherds, ite ifuru elu, driftwood, moss, nkume dị larịị, wdg. Okpomọkụ n'ehihie kwesịrị ịbụ 16-20 ° C, n'abalị 15-16 ° C. Salamander ọkụ anaghị anabata okpomọkụ karịa 22-25 Celsius. Ya mere, aquarium nwere ike idobe nso n'ala. iru mmiri kwesịrị ịdị elu - 70-95%. Iji mee nke a, kwa ụbọchị na osisi (adịghị ize ndụ gị Pita) na mkpụrụ na-sprayed na ịgba kalama.

Nri

Okenye salamanders mkpa ka nri ọ bụla ọzọ ụbọchị, na-eto eto salamanders 2 ugboro n'ụbọchị. Cheta: iribiga nri ókè dị ize ndụ karịa iri nri! Na nri ị nwere ike iji: bloodworms, earthworms na mealworms, ibe nke dabere beef, raw imeju ma ọ bụ obi (echefula wepụ niile abụba na membranes), guppies (2-3 ugboro n'izu).

Usoro nchekwa

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na salamanders bụ udo ụmụ anụmanụ, kpachara anya: kọntaktị na mucous membranes (dịka ọmụmaatụ: na anya) na-akpata ọkụ na njide. Saa aka gị tupu na mgbe ejizi salamander. Jikwaa salamander dị ka o kwere mee, n'ihi na ọ nwere ike ọkụ!